Containerization & Orchestration Tools, these tools deal with the use of containers for deploying, scaling, and managing applications and services. Containerization encapsulates an application along with its related configuration files, libraries, and dependencies into a standardized unit for software development. Orchestration refers to the automated configuration, coordination, and management of these containers.
Docker: Docker is an open-source platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of applications by encapsulating them into containers. It promotes consistency across multiple development and release cycles by making applications environment-agnostic. Docker containers are lightweight, standalone packages that include everything needed to run a piece of software, including the code, runtime, system tools, system libraries, and settings. This ensures that the application will run uniformly and consistently on any infrastructure. Docker's containerization approach offers significant efficiency advantages over traditional virtualization.
Kubernetes: Kubernetes, often abbreviated as K8s, is an open-source container-orchestration system designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. Originally developed by Google, Kubernetes is now maintained by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. It groups containers that make up an application into logical units for easy management and discovery. Kubernetes provides a portable, extensible, open-source platform for managing containerized workloads and services, facilitating both declarative configuration and automation. Kubernetes has become the industry standard for orchestrating and managing containerized applications.
Apache Mesos: Apache Mesos is an open-source project that aims to manage computer clusters efficiently. It provides efficient resource isolation and sharing across distributed applications, or frameworks. It can run many applications on a dynamically shared pool of nodes. Mesos is designed for operations at very large scale, like those in big data computations or high-performance web-serving tasks, by abstracting CPU, memory, storage, and other compute resources away from machines, enabling fault-tolerant and elastic distributed systems to be built and run effectively.
OpenShift: OpenShift is a family of containerization software products developed by Red Hat. Its flagship product is the OpenShift Container Platform, a Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) that is built around Docker containers orchestrated and managed by Kubernetes on a foundation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. OpenShift helps teams build with speed, agility, confidence, and choice. Code in production mode anywhere you choose to build. Get back to doing work that matters. OpenShift provides all the components you need to develop, host, and scale your applications in the public or private cloud.
These tools together provide a comprehensive solution to automate the deployment, scaling, and operations of applications across clusters of hosts, providing a full stack for modern application development.